Everything about High Energy Stereoscopic System totally explained
High Energy Stereoscopic System or H.E.S.S. is a next-generation system of
Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) for the investigation of cosmic
gamma rays in the 100 GeV and TeV energy range. The
acronym was chosen in honour of
Victor Hess, who was the first to observe
cosmic rays.
The name also emphasizes two main features of the currently-operating installation, namely the simultaneous observation of air showers with several telescopes, under different viewing angles, and the combination of telescopes to a large system to increase the effective detection area for gamma rays. H.E.S.S. permits the exploration of gamma-ray sources with intensities at a level of a few thousandth parts of the flux of the
Crab Nebula.
H.E.S.S. is located on the Cranz family farm, Göllschau, in
Namibia, near the
Gamsberg, an area well known for its excellent optical quality. The first of the four telescopes of Phase I of the H.E.S.S. project went into operation in Summer 2002; all four were operational in December 2003.
In 2004 H.E.S.S. was the first IACT experiment to spatially resolve a source of cosmic
gamma rays.
In 2005, it was announced that H.E.S.S. had detected eight new high-energy gamma ray sources, doubling the known number of such sources. Two of these sources couldn't be identified with known objects such as
supernova remnants or
pulsars, raising the possibility of new physics and the existence of some new "dark" objects.
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